Category Archives: Biologics

Cytokines and Growth Factors-GeneMedi Descrition: An Lanscape of Cytokines & Growth Factors, including family classification, functional and reagent products list

Cytokines are small cell-signaling proteins that are secreted by numerous cell types (some of the cytokines are transmembrane proteins). Importantly, most cytokines function in their local microenvironment, rather than in a systemic manner. Cytokines bind to specific cell surface receptors, thereby activating intracellular signaling cascades that involve phosphorylation events that ultimately result in gene transcription. […]

Application of nanobodies (single domain antibodies)

Nanobodies have been used for both diagnostic and therapeutic application due to its high stability, refoldability, and manipulable characteristics. In addition, VHH has been effectively used as a research tool. In Vitro Diagnostic Tests Nbs have been recommended for both in vitro as well as in vivo diagnostic tests. Early diagnosis of both infection and […]

Nanobody (single domain antibody) production

The production of nanobody primarily required to select a camelid animal for immunization for about 5–10 weeks. The effector B cells are extracted from the plasma peripheral lymph blood of the immunized camel to isolate the total RNA and cDNA synthesis for sequencing. Phage display technology is used to screen the specific binding ability of […]

Structure and Physicochemical Features of Nanobody (single domain antibody)

Nanobody (Nb) is the smallest natural antigen-specific binding functional fragment of about 12~15 kb (Figure 2D). The molecular weight of Nb is smaller than the monoclonal antibody mAb (~150 kb), Fab fragment (~55 kb) or HcAb (~90 kb) Figure 1A–C. Former study showed that these nanobodies can be genetically engineered from the heavy-chain antibody derived from camelids […]

Functional assay for neutralizing antibodies (NAb) discovery–Pseudotype virus (psedovirus, PSV) based and Neutralization Assays

The globalization of the world’s economies, accompanied by increasing international travel, changing climates, altered human behaviour and demographics is leading to the emergence of different viral diseases, many of which are highly pathogenic and hence are considered of great public and animal health importance. To undertake basic research and therapeutic development, many of these viruses […]

FDA approved neutralizing antibodies (NAb)

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against bacterial infections are more effective way to treat the antibiotic resistant strains. The antibacterial mAbs have several advantages such as reducing the antibiotic toxicity, treatment time and disease complications. there are numerous mAb products are under development for a range of infectious diseases. Currently, GeneMedi offers mAbs against gram negative bacteria, […]

Toxin A neutralizing antibodies (NAb)

Clostridium difficile continues to be one of the most prevalent hospital-acquired bacterial infections in the developed world. Alternative approaches under investigation to combat the anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria include fecal transplantation therapy, vaccines, and antibody-based immunotherapies. Inhibitory antibodies that recognize the primary C. difficilevirulence factors, toxin A and toxin B, are the most popular passive immunotherapies under investigation. […]